Netilmicin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic that is bactericidal, meaning it kills bacteria rather than just inhibiting their growth. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, which prevents bacteria from growing and multiplying.

Netilmicin is effective against many Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and some Gram-positive bacteria. It is commonly used for serious infections, especially when other antibiotics are less effective.