Netilmicin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic that is bactericidal, meaning it kills bacteria. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, preventing bacteria from growing and multiplying.

It is effective against many Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and some Gram-positive bacteria. It is commonly used for serious infections when other antibiotics are less effective.